Packing pollen

 

Bumble Bees collect nectar (to feed their own activities and make honey) and pollen (to feed their youngins). The nectar is carried back to the hive in the honey sack, and, normally, the pollen is carried on the bumble bee’s hind legs in what is referred to as the pollen baskets. 

In this view of a Bombus bifarius, the two large orange globs of pollen on the hind legs (upper left) are obvious. What is not as striking are the two yellow pollinia on the back of the bee’s thorax. 

The pollinia are also made of pollen, but rather than being a diffuse powder, each is a packet of pollen from a single floral anther that the flower glues to the back of the bee.

As far as I know, the only flowers that produce pollinia around here are wild orchids. Consequently, the presence of pollinia on this bumble bee suggests that there are already wild orchids in local woods. I shall look for them. My guess is that the orchids would be Fairy Slippers, and I know just were to look, despite it being somewhat early.

This is the first time that I have seen a bumble bee both with its pollen baskets full and pollinia on its back.

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Robbing and looting

 

Flowers produce nectar for one reason: to entice insects to brush against their reproductive organs and, in doing so, to transfer pollen from one flower to the next. To accomplish this, flowers are structured such that the insect must pass the anthers and stigma to reach the nectary (where the nectar is produced). That is the contract: insects pay for the nectar by providing pollination (see Nectar robbers).

This system works for the benefit of both flowers and insects. It works, that is, until the coming of larcenists. These break-and-enter specialists bypass pollination and just steal the nectar. The only local nectar robbers I have spotted are wasps, but it seems that butterflies are happy to loot. 

A (Forest?) Yellow Jacket has a shorter tongue than a bee or fly and so cannot reach the nectar through the flower’s opening, so just chews its way in. By not upholding its side of the contract, it is robbing the flower.

Along comes a looter. A Comma butterfly searching for nectar discovers that the easiest access to nectar is provided by the opening chewed by the wasp.

As this unfolded, my favourite view was of the Comma extending its proboscis as it searches for access to nectar.

 

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Western Spring Azure

 

It has become a spring tradition to try to get a shot of the Western Spring Azure in flight. The blue colour is only apparent when the butterfly’s wings are open, and generally that is when it is flying. But, the butterfly is small (about 29 mm wingspan) and it is a fast flier, making such a shot difficult. Most years I fail.  

When resting, the spring azure folds its wings to show a mottled grey camouflage on the underside.

Only rarely when it is resting will it open its wings to reveal the colour.

Typically, one only sees the colour as a tiny patch of blue shoots past.

Posted in bugs | 3 Comments

Signs, take two

 

 

Two days ago, when I posted pictures of two municipal signs, I mentioned a dictionary and so hinted that my concern was linguistic. Many people found the designs of the signs to be the thing of primary interest.

My take on the designs is that, in part, they are intended to serve different functions. Rossland’s seems directed at locals as it announces municipal events. Nelson’s sign (top image) seems directed at tourists by lending gravitas to Baker Street.

However, I believe that each design rather nicely speaks of its town’s history.

Consider Nelson’s. The use of bricks speaks of an early municipal decision to reduce the number of burning buildings by requiring masonry construction. The columns mimic those in the Mara-Barnard Block (second image), built in 1897 (421-31 Baker St.). And the sign’s other decorations reflect early building ornamentation. Thought was put into this.

Although Rossland’s sign (third image) is very different, it too speaks of the city’s past: one of wood and iron. My family lived in Rossland from 1896 until 1979. During my childhood, there were still wooden mining buildings on the mountainside, and long railway trestles across ravines. Iron rails, wheels, spikes and equipment were still strewn on the slopes. One rather nice touch on the sign is the use of an iron finial to suggest the city’s iconic mountain skyline.

The point of iron and wood is underscored with a picture (fourth image) taken by my grandfather, Oswald Bisson, about the year, 1900. It shows a railway trestle, which looks largely of wood, but then think about the rails, spikes and all those bolts. The trestle was still there when I was a small child and once I scared myself thoroughly by trying to walk across it.

 

However, the distinction I was trying to make with my previous posting was about the way the two cities chose to speak of history. The word, history, has two adjectival forms: historic and historical. They have different meanings, meanings that have persisted in the language for about 250 years. 

It is not unusual for a noun to spawn multiple adjectives which emphasize different aspects. Consider child. It spun off childlike (innocence and curiosity) and childish (immature and silly). Or think of simple, which produced simplify (reduced to its essence) and simplistic (stripped of its essence). 

In like manner, historical and historic have different meanings.

Historical means of, or concerned with, history. An old thing, when discussed as such, is historical. By using, historical, Rossland was emphasizing the older aspects of the city as distinct from, say, its concrete sidewalks (they used to be wooden), or its Wi-Fi stations.

Historic means famous or renowned in history. Within the Canadian context, the Plains of Abraham (1759) are historic; Mackenzie’s arrival at Bella Coola (1793) is historic; Confederation (1867) is historic; Craigellachie (1885) is historic; Quebec referendums (1980, 1995) are historic; yesterday’s Supreme Court ruling on Métis’ rights is historic (2016).

Historic does not mean: we are proud of the job we did in restoring our buildings. 

One measure of something being historic is how widely it is taught and discussed (paid promoters don’t count in such a tally). Are school children in Ontario taught about the historic significance of Baker Street? Well no, not even Nelson’s children are. 

Rossland, with historical, got it right; Nelson, with historic, got it wrong.

Should anyone care about how we present ourselves? Maybe most do not — but I do.

Nelson has so much going for it: a beautiful setting betwixt mountains and lake (fifth image); a vibrant cultural scene (sixth image); abundant nature (seventh image); and interesting historical architecture (last image).

Nelson should not feel the need to present itself as something it is not: historic.

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A Tale of Two Cities

 

It was the best of signs, it was the worst of signs.

Which city manager should buy its promotional folk a dictionary and ask them to cease misleading advertising?

Posted in commentary | 5 Comments

Nelson’s Gyro Park

 

Yesterday, I visited Gyro Park in Nelson and took a couple of pictures. I suspect that only people who are familiar with the park will be able to make sense of them — well, maybe even these people will struggle with them.

This is a shot of the foot bridge to the overlook. 

And a view of the overlook and Nelson. 

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Wednesday’s roving

 

My typical posting features a species or a process. But, today it is merely a grab bag of things seen while roving around yesterday with Derek Kite. The odd thing is that, rather than seeing interesting birds, all the good stuff was earthbound. 

I have mentioned before that as far as I can tell marmots do little more than eat, sleep, mate, and bask. Now and then, they also try to stare down passers-by.

It seems that turtles also choose the marmot’s lifestyle. These two Painted Turtles climbed a short distance up a deadhead and then decided that was enough work for the day.

The Columbian Ground Squirrel spends about two-thirds of its year underground. This peek must have been almost its first look outside.
 

Within ten metres of the ground squirrel were many glacier lilies. I suspect that the squirrel views them not as lovely, but as tasty. 

Finally, while driving past Nelson’s Cathedral of Mary Immaculate, I thought that the portico might offer an interesting site for a full-sphere panorama. 

Posted in herptiles, mammals, scenes | 4 Comments

Blue

 

Blue: sky and birds arrived together.

Posted in birds | 6 Comments

Swallow vs. flicker

 

Each year at about this time, a contest ensues. Norther Flickers, who build the nesting cavities and have been on site for some time, are challenged for ownership by freshly arrived Tree Swallows. It usually works out that flickers get to use some cavities and swallows others. 

A female Norther Flicker examines a nesting cavity. The male was hanging around doing the same thing.

Tree Swallows (male on left, female on right) arrived on the last day of March to look for nesting sites. Inevitably they try to take over ones that flickers have built for themselves, and the swallows sometimes succeed. On this occasion, they were harassing the flickers in a failed attempt to drive them off.

“Combat is a real nuisance. Just because flickers build the cavities doesn’t mean they should own them all.”

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Ducks in trees

 

Ducks in trees? Given the day, this might sound as if it is an April Fool’s gag. It isn’t. 

About a half-dozen local ducks will nest in trees, among them, the beautiful Wood Duck. It is a bit early to see the nests, but these pictures show that nesting is on the ducks’ minds.

“This is a terrible time of year to be alone on the pond.”

“Hey, big boy I am calling to you down there on the pond — yes, you.”

“OK, I came up into the tree with you — now what?”

“Look, maybe I will have to explain this nesting business to you.”

Posted in birds | 4 Comments