Bee or fly?

 

It is spring and buzzing abounds as pollinators visit flowers. 

If one follows the news media, it is tempting to assume that those pollinators are bees, and in particular, honeybees. Actually, in many cases, they are either bumblebees or are flies. (I have seen no honeybees in my yard so far this spring.)

Indeed, most of the pollinators I have noticed are flies — but, flies that look remarkably like bees. Many are bee mimics. They perform this subterfuge to trick birds into leaving them alone. A bird can find a bee painful to capture, and so will generally also avoid something that looks like a bee.

Despite the fact that many birds cannot easily distinguish a stinging bee from a tasty fly, human observers can. What are the clues?

Bees have small eyes and long antenna; Flies have big eyes and short antennae. (OK, bees also have four wings while flies only have have two — but in the field the wing differences are difficult to spot.) 

A bumblebee (a Bombus bifarius) visits a flower. It has small eyes and long antennae. 

A similar looking fly (a Criorhina sp.) visits the same flowers. It has big eyes and short antennae.

 

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Hawk & snake

 

Sometimes one doesn’t know what one has until well after the observation.

As I took the picture, I noticed nothing other than a perched Red-tailed Hawk. When I looked at it on the camera, I noticed that the hawk was holding a stick, possibly for nest building. When I looked at it on the computer, I realized that the stick was a snake. I guessed a species, but when I asked Jakob Dulisse, an experienced local biologist, he eliminated my guess as to a species and opined, western garter snake (Thamnophis elegans). OK, not a stick.

A Red-tailed Hawk has captured a western garter snake,

and flies off with it.

 

Posted in birds, herptiles | 3 Comments

Melanopygus

 

As I watched a Bombus melanopygus in my yard, it struck me that this springtime bumblebee bore a relationship to a bird in a posting of three days earlier. In that posting, Ruby flashes, I showed a Ruby-crowned Kinglet with a modestly uncommon display of its ruby crown.

Bombus melanopygus seems to be named for the melanin in its abdomen and consequently is also known as the black-tailed bumblebee (melano pygus translates as black buttock). The thing about melanin is that while large quantities of it produce black, small quantities of it produce red. (Indeed, it turns out that redheads are just brunettes with small doses of melanin.) In Bombus melanopygus, the concentration of melanin, and so the colour, varies with latitude: The abdominal segments are black in the south, but red in the north. We are in the north, so Bombus melanopygus shows red segments here.

A Bombus melanopygus flies to a new flower and displays its ruby red abdominal segments.

 

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Vulture feeds

 

In the last decade, local observations of Turkey Vultures have roughly doubled. Is this a result of changing observer attentiveness, global warming, or just vulture behaviour? Who knows?

For the first half of the decade, the only views I had had of vultures were when they were hunting while soaring. Subsequently, I began to see some perched in trees. However, throughout all that time, I never saw one on the ground, and certainly not feeding. So, when Shirley Smith sent me a picture of a vulture feeding on carrion, and said I could post it, I welcomed the opportunity.

A Turkey Vulture feeds on (what might be) a yellow-bellied marmot beside a road.

Shirley Smith’s picture is used with permission.

 

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Ruby flashes

 

The Ruby-crowned kinglet is a rather small, undistinguished insectivore that can be seen for perhaps a month, two times a year, as it passes through our region. Further, in its search for insects to eat, it forages deep in brush and frenetically moves from branch to branch with a rapidity that makes it difficult to observe. 

Why bother with it? The female, male, and juvenile all look alike — except for when the male gets excited. On those occasions, he displays his otherwise-hidden eponymous ruby crown. That excitement might be the sighting of a potential mate, a rival, a predator, or it seems, the mere need for a scratch.

A male Ruby-crowned Kinglet visited. It did not appear concerned by my attentions, but flitted about so quickly that it allowed scant time for portraits. But, on one occasion, it scratched itself. Ah, then the ruby crown appeared.

The Ruby-crowned Kinglet frenetically foraged for insects, rarely stopping for a portrait.

On one occasion it paused for a scratch and flashed its ruby crown.

 

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Loon returns

 

Following the last posting, Osprey returns, now comes the Loon. As with my osprey observation, there have been a handful of others who have seen or heard loons in the past little while. But, this was my first sighting.

Both birds, Osprey and Loon, winter elsewhere but breed here in the summer. Both are big (the loon is 2 ½ times as heavy as the osprey), have black and white plumage, and are live-fish-eating birds that arrive in the spring and leave in the fall. Yet, people celebrate the osprey, while more-or-less ignoring the loon. 

Folks watch for the osprey’s arrival, they watch their chicks grow and fledge, and name things after them. The loon, not so much. (The coin named after it is a national thing.)

One does wonder why the disparity. 

It might be just a matter of avian marketing. The osprey nests conspicuously on trees and pilings beside the lakeshore in full view of homes and summer cottages. The loon vanishes to nest beside small mountain lakes, well out of view of all but the most intrepid bird watcher. The osprey makes dramatic plunges from on high into the water only to surface and fly off with a fish in its talons; the loon quietly dives for and quickly swallows a fish. 

Despite their other similarities, it seems that the loon lacks the osprey’s really good marketing agent.

A Common Loon arrives at Kootenay Lake.

 

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Osprey returns

 

For a couple of days there have been reports around the Lake of the return of Ospreys. I saw my first one (indeed, three of them) this morning.

A newly arrived female Osprey lands on a branch.

 

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Shrike while hot

 

I have posted a handful of shots of the Northern Shrike in the last month (see, this, in particular). So, why more? This is a case of shrike while the iron is hot.

This peculiar bird is hunting around here briefly before heading north to breed. On previous occasions, I have seen it in Kokanee Creek Park in the grasslands adjacent to the Lake. Alas, on 8th April, the Park was closed (it’s a covid thing). The following day, a shrike appeared at my home. OK, I had to record the event. 

A Northern Shrike perched in a bush outside my bedroom window.

And soon flew off — seen here just entering the camera frame.

 

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Spring butterflies

 

A better indication than the equinox for the arrival of spring is the arrival of butterflies. In the last few days, I have seen two, both early-season species. Each settled on some dry grass and spread its wings so as bask in the sunlight.

The California Tortoiseshell is common some years and rare others. The damaged right, back wing on this one implies that it has been around long enough to have been attacked by a bird.

The Mourning Cloak is so named because its colours mimic a cloak worn during a period of mourning. After a winter in hibernation, Mourning Cloaks emerge early in the spring to mate.

 

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Bird flights

 

The canonical bird picture shows it perched in profile. Such a picture is useful for identification, and is relatively easy to take. When I say this, I don’t mean to imply that a profile is easy — just that it is considerably easier than taking action shots. 

But I like the action shots, and for birds this often means catching them in flight. Here are two shots from this morning.

The male robin on the left was foraging on the grass when it was attacked by another male. I suspect that this was a fight over breeding territory. 

For a few weeks, we have had a Northern Shrike hunting over grasslands. The bird has probably stopped to feed on its way farther north to breed. I have managed a few profile pictures, but until this morning, my flight shots of it were distant and blurry. 

 

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