Two June orchids

 

Since mid-May, I have been watching for the appearance of the mountain lady’s slipper. I had already posted images of two earlier local wild orchids: fairy slippers, and striped coralroots. But, the mountain lady’s slipper had yet to appear. Today we saw five of them along a trail in Kokanee Creek Park. Now, that was nice enough, but behind them in the woods was a freshly blooming spotted coralroot, something I had last seen a number of years ago.

One of five mountain lady’s slippers seen beside a trail.

The flowers of the spotted coralroot grow as a raceme: multiple flowers sprouting from a single stalk. The flowers of a raceme start low on the stalk and gradually spread upwards. This one had just begun, so flowers did not yet cover the whole stalk. Maybe a more impressive image is yet to come.

 

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Butter sipping

 

I am sure the participants did not appreciate the etymological niceties of their situation as a butterfly sipped nutrients from a buttercup. The names of each species seem to have been of imitative origin, and resulted from their yellowish colour resembling that of butter. (In the case of the butterfly, perhaps only a few yellow species prompted the name.)

A clouded sulphur butterfly (Colias philodice) sips nectar from a buttercup.

 

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Toad amplexus

 

Toad amplexus ≡ toad sex

Amplexus (Latin for embrace) is a type of mating exhibited by western toads (and other amphibians) in which there is physical contact, but fertilization is external to the body. During amplexus, a male uses his front legs to grasp a female under her armpits and stimulates her to release eggs into the water. He then fertilizes them. Around here, amplexus is an activity of May.

In the shallows next to the shore, the smaller male western toad has embraced the female.  

Elsewhere in the shallows, another couple is in amplexus. The strands of eggs from an earlier encounter are apparent on the right.

A second male (left) is attacking a pair of toads in amplexus. He is trying to force the earlier male to release its grasp on the female so he can then mate with her. Also, notice the egg strands in the water on the upper right.

 

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May goulash

 

This is a collection of images from this May, none of which has had a posting of its own. As spring is upon us, this collection is diverse, but hardly exhaustive.

Of our three regular hummingbirds, the Calliope is the smallest and, perhaps, the least common.

Naming conventions are a bit odd when it comes to animals that are not mammals being named for the characteristics of mammals. Consider horns. All male bovids have horns (some females do also). So, what does one make of a Horned Grebe, a Horned Lark, and a Great Horned Owl, each of which is a bird. They have ornamental head feathers that, while not horns, reminded someone vaguely of them. Also, insects lack feathers, but do have antenna. So, a few with particularly long antennae have been styled a longhorn beetle or a longhorn bee, as if they were cattle. Sigh. Here is a longhorn bee feeding on a dandelion.

This juvenile Bald Eagle just flew from its perch.

This alpha looper moth was sleeping on a window in the daytime (thus the dark background). The pattern on its wings normally provides a superb camouflage when it sleeps on the bark of a tree. However, by choosing a window, the moth became strikingly obvious. A few minutes after this picture was taken, a bird spotted it and ate it. 

The Great Blue Heron is with us year round, but it is less abundant in winter than summer. 

While the grizzly bear is a carnivore, it also eats grass and broadleaf plants such as cow parsnip.

A young Red-tailed Hawk looks over its shoulder.

A Pale Swallowtail sips nectar from lilac.

A Yellow-rumped Warbler moved frenetically through the brush so was difficult to photograph.

A mining bee has stored its collection of pollen on its hind legs. 

It is clearly now summer as the Spotted Sandpiper is scouring the beach for arthropods.

A westslope cutthroat trout (or so I suspect) cruises the shallows.

The trillium flower is normally white. However, when under stress (low temperatures, aging) it manufactures a defensive chemical (anthocyanin) which also turns the petals purple.

 

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Mule deer

 

I see perhaps 20 to 50 white-tailed deer for every mule deer spotted. This was not the deer frequency during pre-settler times when mule deer dominated. But, white-tailed deer moved in with the settlers. Certainly, we now have both species locally, but I live at the valley bottom, a region favoured by white-tailed deer. Mule deer are usually found higher on the mountain sides. One must head uphill to see mule deer, and even there, they can be sparse.

As distinct from white-tailed deer, mule deer are characterized by:

• somewhat larger body sizes
• more greyish than tannish pelage in winter (both are reddish-brown in summer)
• larger antlers that are dendritic rather than single branching
• large ears (which gives them their name)
• black-tipped rope-like tail, as distinct from a broad tan tail
• when escaping, they often stot
• a much larger home range
• don’t do well around people (unlike the white-tailed)
• inhabit the higher elevations

Two mule does were seen today at an altitude of about 680 m.  

The mule doe was feeding on leaves. Her large ears and rope-like tail are evident.

Two doe were foraging together. Here is a problem: Can you match the heads to the butts?

 

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Snipe’s snag

 

I went looking for grizzlies, but found a snipe.

The Wilson’s Snipe is a secretive shorebird that probes the water’s edge to capture and eat invertebrate larvae. When approached, it flushes with a rapid and erratic flight. This is not a bird that wants to be noticed — it wants nothing to do with you.

A Wilson’s Snipe hides along the shore.

Yet, in late May for three years running, I have seen one perched prominently on a snag (and the same snag) next to a wetland. What prompts this abrupt change in behaviour from introvert to extravert?

On May 29, 2019, a Wilson’s Snipe perched prominently on a snag next to a wetland. 

Then on May, 23, 2020, the Wilson’s Snipe was chattering away from the same snag.

Again yesterday (May, 25, 2021) the snipe was back on the same snag.

What prompts a normally timid bird to become an extravert each May? The answer came from the Audubon Society, which explained:

The Wilson’s Snipe becomes more flamboyant in the breeding season, when it often yammers from atop a fencepost or dead tree.

Ah, this seems to a case of how a compulsion for courting can alter one’s behaviour.

 

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Mating moths

 

Nature Canada bills the hummingbird moth as one of Canada’s coolest creatures. But, who could have guessed just how cool it would be on this occasion?

With spring, I often look for this moth. I rarely find it. Our local one is the Rocky Mountain Clearwing (Hemaris thetis) and you are lucky to even spot one, let alone watch it mate — and in midair.

This moth not only flies by day, it sips nectar as it hovers over flowers in the manner of a hummingbird. This one was visiting lilacs.

Amazingly, it was soon joined by another and they mated. The two of them continued to fly haphazardly about the lilac, seemingly using it as a sort of reference.

I believe the male is on the left. They never strayed far from the lilac during their aerial bout.

 

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Two wild orchids

 

I have been watching for, what I expected would be, the second wild orchid of the season. However, the mountain lady’s slipper has yet to appear. Instead, I found two others. 

This month opened with pictures of the fairy slipper. So, why am I showing another one? Well, the fairy slipper comes in two varieties: eastern and western and we get both. The previous posting showed the western. Here is the eastern. There are a number of differences, but the large lower petal (the lip or bee’s landing strip) shows much of the variation. Its fake stamens deliver no pollen, but in the western they are white and in the eastern they are yellowish. Also, the lip in the western is extensively speckled, but largely plain in the eastern.

The striped coralroot is an interesting orchid for even though it is a plant, it lacks chlorophyll. Indeed, its leaves are vestigial, having been reduced to tiny scales. It has adapted to living on the forest floor where not much sunlight penetrates and so obtains its nutrients from fungi. This one was found only a few metres distant from where others had grown in previous years.

 

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Goshawk

 

What does one say about a close observation of a Northern Goshawk?

Maybe just, Wow!

We certainly have goshawks, but they are uncommon. I have only seen one (at a considerable distance) once before. This one was found by my daughter. It was unconcerned about the two of us standing beside its tree and clicking.

The goshawk is a forest hawk that is spread across Canada, parts of the U.S., also Europe and Asia, yet the bird is distributed sparsely. Its name implies that it eats geese. Actually, its tastes are broad, essentially eating anything it can catch. 

Here are two views of today’s Northern Goshawk deep in the forests of Kokanee Creek Park.

 

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Rufous

 

It is May and the hummingbird season has begun with the Rufous — the scrappiest of our three regular hummingbirds. I look forward to seeing the other two.

A female Rufous Hummingbird stops by.

A male Rufous Hummingbird does so also and displays his iridescent orange gorget.

 

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